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BACKGROUND@#The formation of an inhibitory inflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a great challenge for nerve regeneration. The poor local microenvironment exacerbates nerve cell death; therefore, the reconstruction of a favorable microenvironment through small-molecule drugs is a promising strategy for promoting nerve regeneration. @*METHODS@#In the present study, we synthesized curcumin-loaded micelle nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) to increase curcumin bioavailability and analyzed the physical and chemical properties of Cur-NPs by characterization experiments. We established an in vivo SCI model in rats and examined the ability of hind limb motor recovery using Basso–Beattie– Bresnahan scoring and hind limb trajectory assays. We also analyzed neural regeneration after SCI using immunofluorescence staining. @*RESULTS@#The nanoparticles achieved the intelligent responsive release of curcumin while improving curcumin bioavailability. Most importantly, the released curcumin attenuated local inflammation by modulating the polarization of macrophages from an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. M2-type macrophages can promote cell differentiation, proliferation, matrix secretion, and reorganization by secreting or expressing pro-repair cytokines to reduce the inflammatory response. The enhanced inflammatory microenvironment supported neuronal regeneration, nerve remyelination, and reduced scar formation. These effects facilitated functional repair in rats, mainly in the form of improved hindlimb movements. @*CONCLUSION@#Here, we synthesized pH/temperature dual-sensitive Cur-NPs. While improving the bioavailability of the drug, they were also able to achieve a smart responsive release in the inflammatory microenvironment that develops after SCI. The Cur-NPs promoted the regeneration and functional recovery of nerves after SCI through anti-inflammatory effects, providing a promising strategy for the repair of SCIs.
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Objective To analyze the effects of laparoscope-assisted Ivor-Lewis surgery on perioperative stress,immune responses and intestinal barrier function in elderly patients with esophageal cancer.Methods A prospective study including 55 elderly esophageal cancer patients undergoing laparoscope-assisted Ivor Lewis surgery (the treatment group,n =25) and Ivor-Lewis surgery(the control group,n=25) was conducted.The white blood cell count,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,percentages of CD4 and CD8 cells,CD4/CD8 ratio,C reactive protein (CRP) and D-lactic acid levels were compared between the two groups before and at 1,4 and 7 d after operation.Results The white blood cell count(t =2.689,P =0.010) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (t =3.300,P =0.002)were lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d after operation.The percentage of CD4 cells was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d(t =2.242,P =0.029)and 4 d(t =2.031,P =0.047) after operation.The percentage of CD8 cells was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d after operation(t =2.041,P=0.046).The CD4/CD8 ratio was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d(t =2.833,P =0.007)and 4 d(t=2.111,P=0.036)after operation.The CRP level was lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d(t=2.267,P=0.028)and 4 d(t =2.111,P =0.036)after operation.The D-lactic acid level was lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 d(t =2.267,P=0.028),4 d (t =7.967,P ＜ 0.01) and 7 d (t =2.541,P =0.014) after operation.Conclusions Laparoscopeassisted Ivor-Lewis surgery has good protective effects on perioperative stress,immune responses and intestinal barrier function in elderly patients with esophageal cancer.
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Objective:To synthesize autoinducer-2 by the clone and prokaryotic expression of Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans)UAl59 luxS gene and to observe the influence factors.Methods:The expression vector pET21 a(+)-luxS of S.mutans UAl59 was transformed into Escheriehia coli BL2l(DE3).The S-ribosylhomocysteinase(Luxs)expression was induced by IPTG.The His tag fusion protein was isolated by Ni-chelating column and identified by Western blotting.Finally the protein was renatured by dialysis method.S-ribosylhomo-cysteine (SAH)was catalyzed by s-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidas (Pfs)and LuxS,and then AI-2 was syntheszed.The AI-2 activi-ty was examined by luminescence of Vibrio harveyi BB1 70 when the concentration of LuxS protein or pH(4 -1 2)or the concentration of sodium fluoride was changed in reaction mixes of AI-2 synthesis.Results:Compared with the control group,with the increase of LuxS protein concentration,the relative activity of in vitro synthesized AI-2 increased gradually(P <0.001 ).When pH was between 6 -1 0, the relative activity of AI-2 were the highest,beyond the range of pH,the relative activity of AI-2 decreased(P <0.001 ).When a final concentration of sodium fluoride was more than 0.3%,the luminescence values decreased(P <0.05).Conclusion:LuxS fusion protein can promote the production of AI-2.Optimum pH for AI-2 biosynthesis in vitro must be between 6-1 0.Biosynthesis of AI-2 is inhibited by sodium fluoride with final concentration of more than 0.3%.
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Objective To analyze the cause of acute brain swelling,brain encephalocele in brain traumatic injury craniotomy,and the reason,diagnosis and treatment methods of progressive epidural hematoma.Methods The clinical data of 381 patients with brain traumatic injury craniotomy were retrospetively analyzed.Of 318 patients,27cases had progressive epidural hematoma during operation.Results 9 cases died because of functional failure of brain stem,the other 18 cases were all clinically cured.Conclusion If acute brain swelling and encephalocele occured during operation,the cause should be found quickly,especially when there was skull fracture or epidural hematoma on the contralateral brain,the head CT and operation should be taken immediately,and the bulging brain tissue should not be removed blindly,and the skull should not be forced to close,otherwise the prognosis maybe poor.
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BACKGROUND: The image edge of rabbit femur is identified using self-programmed Matlab program. But owing to the complexity of the model, can we set up a femoral structure model after the solid model of the femur created in UG three-dimensional (3D) software is put into ANSYS software? OBJECTIVE: To explore the method of constructing 3D biomechanical model of rabbit femur.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Biomechanics Laboratory of Beijing Institute of Technology.MATERIAL: One 1-year-old female New Zealand white rabbit weighing 2.6 kg. ACTIS 400/225 industry CT scanner (BIR,USA).METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Biomechanics Laboratory of Beijing Institute of Technology from July to transformed into *.bmp format. Photoshop image processing software was applied for some essential processing on the original image, such as contrast control, smoothing and noise attenuation to strengthen the differentiability and analyzability of the image. In addition, the magnetic noose tool was used to outline the contour line of inside and outside boundary, and obtain the inside and outside contour line of every layer of the femur. The rabbit femur was scanned by industry CT starting from the upper extreme of the femur, vertical to femoral ordinate axis line (slice space=I ram). The scanning slice space was adjusted to 2 mm from the 43rd layer below small trochanter to the 53ra layer of middle femur because the shape between these layers was relatively regular. Totally 87 slices of layer images were scanned 9.9 cm in length. The image was put into the computer and processed to get the boundary contour line; the contour line coordinate for modeling was obtained through imported from UG into ANSYS software. A solid model of the femur was produced automatically. Finally, the solid model with cavity was obtained using subtraction option of Boolean in ANSYS.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Establishment of rabbit femoral structure model. connected by the multiple valid points was formed. The 2nd, 3rd, 4th until the 87th layers were read in turn, and the inside and automatically divide the mesh to produce finite element meshes and 42 221 nodes and 27 768 elements were obtained. CONCLUSION: The 3D model of rabbit femur actually simulated the anatomic appearance of the femur. This model lays a foundation for identifying the optimal parameter of vibration that can improve bone mineral density by finite element analysis.
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Objective To study the effect of vibration as a countermeasure against bone loss.Methods Volunteers were divided into vibration-group(VIB)and control-group(CON).Vibration experiments were performed in VIB for 3 months(10 min/d,5 d/week).Bone mineral density(BMD)of both VIB and CON was observed after 3 months.Results BMD in VIB increased obviously after vibration treatment(+1.29% for vertebrae and +1.65% for femur).The effectiveness rate was 80%.Conclusion Whole body vibration is effective in countermining bone loss.It has a broad prospect in treating osteoporosis and counteracting bone loss caused by weightlessness.
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Objective To find a method for building a human head parameter model. Method Raw data of human head were acquired and filtered, a linear regression equation was formulated, and a parameter model was established. Result A human head parameter model was built. Conclusion A human head parameter model can be built by using the linear regression equation of human head to adjust the initial CT data, and a three-dimensional and human head parameter model can be built by OpenGL.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy and the safety on botulinum toxin A (BTX A) to muscle spasticity after cerebral vascular diseases (CVD).Methods 42 patients with muscle spasticity after CVD were injected with Chinese type A botulinum toxin(CBTX A).The dosage and number of injection point were determined according to the affected musclar size and the degree of muscle spasms.The injection sites were determined according to anatomy surface landmarks for location.The myodynamia of the limbs,the muscular tone (modified Ashworth score) and the function before and after injection were observed.Results The muscular tone modified Ashworth score,pace velocity,stride length and ankle ROM were remarkbly progressive after injection(P
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AIM:To study the effects of water extraction of Choerospondias axillaris on inhibiting renal calculus. METHODS:The mice were fed 1% ethylene alcohol and 1?(OH)VitD3 to cause renal calculus. The concentrations of calcium and oxalate acid in urine and kidney were determined in mice to evaluate the effects of Choerospondias axillaris. RESULTS:The urinary oxalate of model group (1% ethylene glycol and 1?(OH) VitD3) increased significantly(P